Optimization of Fermentation Conditions of Andalas Endophytic Fungi (Morus macroura Miq.) CEB 2 Isolate to Produce Antimicrobial Compounds

Abstract

Fermentation is the process of chemical changes in an organic substrate with the help of enzyme activity by microorganisms. Factors in the early stages of fermentation that need to be optimized are temperature, pH and fermentation medium. CEB 2 isolate from Andalas plant stems is an isolate that has the ability to inhibit Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus quite well, but the optimum fermentation conditions are not yet known. This study aims to determine the time, pH and optimum temperature of fermentation of CEB 2 isolates. This research is a descriptive research and is presented in graphic form. The results showed that CEB 2 isolates produced maximum antibacterial compounds on day 5 with an average inhibitory zone against S. aureus, namely 8.5 mm and 10.3 mm against E. coli. The results of pH optimization showed that CEB 2 isolates for S. aureus had a maximum inhibitory zone of pH 5 with an average inhibitory zone of 16.3 mm and pH 6 for E. coli test bacteria with an average inhibitory zone of 6.7 mm. The temperature optimization results showed that CEB 2 isolates had the highest antibacterial activity at 26 °C with an average S. aureus inhibitory zone of 0.74 mm, while the growth of E. coli 7.4 mm at room temperature (28 °C-30 °C) had no effect on the temperature difference made.